Parameters of roadway trucking
While choosing the strategy of transport services it is necessary to lean on analysis of freight flow in this direction and on methods of transportation, loading devices and transport vehicles that are in use by transportation companies. For this matter it is necessary to gain proper classification of transported cargo and vehicles. There are 5 kinds of transport vehicles: water transport, air transport, railway and road transport, piping transport. The main reasons of using roadway trucking in logistics systems are flexibility of delivery and fast speed of long distance transportations. From railway transport roadway differs comparative few placement of funds into devices terminals and use of roadways in common use. In spite of this fact trucking has big value of variable charges counted on 1 kilometer of route and constant costs are low. That is why trucking in the comparisons with trains is the best for transportation of goods on small distances. It defines spheres of using roadway transportation – manufacturing industry, trading and so on.
In spite of definite troubles with roadway trucking branch, for example, growth of charges replacing devices and technical support, payment rates for personnel including drivers, repairers and loaders, in foreseeing future exactly roadway transportation will save central positions in providing transportation services opportunities of logistics.
Roadway trucking is characterized with options of exploitation technical quality that together with particular conditions of exploitation are considered to be the main options of consistency of this or that trademark. These factors are characteristics of automobile size, weight, speed, carrying capacity, pass ability and other dynamic criteria as mobility, steadiness and economy. The effect of using of truck is defined be options as prime costs of transportation, power intensity, productivity and others.
Popularity of roadway transport is explained of its relatively superiority of all 5 other characteristics except carrying capacity. Work of mobile consistency of auto transport is valued by system if technical and exploitation options that characterize quantity and quality of done job. These technical and exploitation options of using mobile consistency in transportation process can be nodivided into 2 groups.
The first group includes options that characterize the degree of using mobile consistency of roadway trucking: coefficients of technical readiness, coefficients of using carrying capacity and race, average distance running with cargo and average distance of transportation, time of stand full or empty while waiting for loading or unloading, technical and exploitation speeds. The second group include measured characteristics as quantity of running, volumes of transportation and transportation job.
With the increasing of technical speed and decreasing of time in waiting for loading or unloading the effectiveness of trucks use considering constant the sum of constant costs what allows decrease the prime cost of transportation on 1 kilometer. The majority of uncritical damages are caused by mistakes of faultiness of loading devices. Commonly such hits are followed with container damages. While loading and especially while transportation it is necessary to distribute the weight centre correctly and also to check fastening of cargo in container. Rational choice of these parameters allows using roadway transport effectively.
